Introduction to Administering Active Directory

 
This guide explains how to administer Microsoft Active Directory. These activities are part of the operating phase of the information technology (IT) life cycle. If you are not familiar with this guide, review the following sections of this introduction.

When to Use This Guide

You should use this guide when:
• You want to manage common Active Directory problems that are associated with misconfiguration.
• You want to configure Active Directory to increase network availability.

This guide assumes a basic understanding of what Active Directory is, how it works, and why your organization uses it to access, manage, and secure shared resources across your network. You should also have a thorough understanding of how Active Directory is deployed and managed in your organization. This includes an understanding of the mechanism your organization uses to configure and manage Active Directory settings.

This guide can be used by organizations that have deployed Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1). It includes information that is relevant to different roles within an IT organization, including IT operations management and administrators. It contains high-level information that is required to plan an Active Directory operations environment. This information provides management-level knowledge of Active Directory and the IT processes required to operate it.

In addition, this guide contains more detailed procedures that are designed for operators who have varied levels of expertise and experience. Although the procedures provide operator guidance from start to finish, operators must have a basic proficiency with the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) and snap-ins and know how to start administrative programs and access the command line. If operators are not familiar with Active Directory, it might be necessary for IT planners or IT managers to review the relevant operations in this guide and provide the operators with parameters or data that must be entered when the operation is performed.

How to Use this Guide

The operations areas are divided into the following types of content:
• Objectives are high-level goals for managing, monitoring, optimizing, and securing Active Directory. Each objective consists of one or more high-level tasks that describe how the objective is accomplished.
• Tasks are used to group related procedures and provide general guidance for achieving the goals of an objective.
• Procedures provide step-by-step instructions for completing the task.

If you are an IT manager who will be delegating tasks to operators within your organization, you will want to:

• Read through the objectives and tasks to determine how to delegate permissions and whether you need to install tools before operators perform the procedures for each task.
• Before assigning tasks to individual operators, ensure that you have all the tools installed where operators can use them.
• When necessary, create “tear sheets” for each task that operators perform within your organization. Cut and paste the task and its related procedures into a separate document and then either print these documents or store them online, depending on the preference of your organization.

 

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MCSE : Security

Configure file systems by using NTFS, FAT32, or FAT.

FAT File allocation table refers to a disk format, which is a way of organizing the storage space on a hard disk. The table organizes information about the files on the hard disk, representing each one as a chain of numbers that identifies where each part of a file is located. The operating system uses it to look up a file and find which clusters that file is written to on the hard disk.

FAT16 Supports drives up to 2 gigabytes in size. Fat16 is the most compatible file system, not only can all windows versions use it but many other OS's also.

FAT32 Supports drives of up to 2 terabytes in size. FAT32 also reduces the cluster size on large drives, freeing up more space.

Cluster sizes of FAT16 and FAT32

Drive
Fat 16
Fat 32
256 MB – 511 MB
8 KB
Not supported
512 MB – 1023 MB
16 KB
4 KB
1024 MB – 2 GB
32 KB
4 KB
2 GB – 8 GB
Not supported
4 KB
8 GB – 16 GB
Not supported
8 KB
16 GB – 32 GB
Not supported
16 KB
> 32 GB
Not supported
32 KB

 
NTFS4 New Technology File System used with win NT 4 provides greater security than FAT, and better disk compression. Support for large hard disks, up to 2 terabytes and as drive size increases, performance with NTFS doesn't degrade as it does with FAT.

NTFS5 Updated NTFS for windows 2000,NTFS The NTFS file system is the recommended file system for use with Windows 2000. NTFS has all of the basic capabilities of FAT, and it provides the following advantages over the FAT and FAT 32 file systems:

Better file security with encrypting file system (EFS)

Better disk compression.

Support for large hard disks, and as drive size increases, performance with NTFS doesn't degrade as it does with FAT.

 

 


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