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Image-based Installations of NLB Clusters

Image-based installations, also known as disk cloning or simply cloning, is the fastest method of deploying Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Server. Image-based installations are useful if you are deploying computers that have similar hardware and you want to perform quick, clean installations with minimal end user interaction

Cloning NLB Clusters consists of the following steps:

1.	Building a master installation on a master computer. Building a master installation includes installing and configuring the operating system and any software and drivers you need to include on your virtual hard disk.
2.	Preparing the master installation with the Sysprep tool. This includes configuring and running the Sysprep tool on the master computer.
3.	Generating a virtual hard disk of the master installation with the disk-imaging tool. This includes saving each virtual hard disk to a permanent storage location.
4.	Loading virtual hard disks on destination computers that will make up a cluster.

Using SYSPREP to prepare for imaging

Building a Master Installation

You need to setup a master computer which you will use to build a master installation and later to create a virtual hard disk.

Building a master installation includes installing and configuring the operating system and any software and drivers you need to include on your virtual hard disk.

Prepare the master installation.

After you have prepared a master installation on the master computer, you need to prepare a virtual hard disk for cloning. Microsoft provides a tool called sysprep that allows you to prepare an image for cloning. The tool can be found on the Windows Advanced Server 2003 CD in the \support\tools directory. When you run sysprep on the master computer, you can supply one of the following two switches: -factory or reseal.

You can use Factory mode to install additional drivers and applications at the stage after the reboot that follows Sysprep. Normally, running Sysprep as the last step in the pre-installation process prepares the computer for delivery. When rebooted, the computer starts Mini-Setup. By running Sysprep with the -factory option, the computer reboots in a network-enabled state without starting Mini-Setup. In this state, Factory.exe processes its answer file, Winbom.ini, and performs the following actions:

1.	Copies drivers from a network source to the computer
2.	Starts Plug and Play enumeration
3.	Stages, installs, and uninstalls applications on the computer from source files located on either the computer or a network source
4.	Adds customer data

When finished, run Sysprep with the -reseal option to prepare the virtual hard disk for cloning.

For example, you can create a master installation that contains a minimal set of drivers, run sysprep -factory, create an image of the installation, and copy the image to multiple destination computers. If any destination computers require additional drivers, run sysprep -factory on the destination computer and load those drivers at that time.

For more information about the Factory mode and winbom.ini file, refer to Microsoft Windows XP Preinstallation Guide. This document is located in Deploy.cab on the Windows Server 2003 CD.

If you do not need to install any additional drivers or applications on the destination computers, run sysprep in the Reseal mode.

Sysprep and Sysprep.inf Answer file

To completely automate NLB cluster installation, you will need to use the sysprep.inf file which is an answer file used by sysprep during and after Mini-Setup.

Required Sections and Entries in sysprep.inf

A fully unattended Setup requires the following sections and entries:

Required section	Required entries in that section	Comments
[Unattended]	UnattendMode TargetPath
[GuiUnattended]	AdminPassword TimeZone
[Identification]	JoinWorkgroup	You may instead specify JoinDomain, DomainAdmin, and DomainAdminPassword.
[LicenseFilePrintData]	AutoMode AutoUsers	Requires AutoUsers ifAutoMode = PerServer.
[Networking]		Required to configure network protocols.
[UserData]	ComputerName FullName

Please refer to the Operating System Sections and Entries for Unattended Install section of this document for an explanation of what each of these entries is used for.

NLB-specific Sections and Entries

See section NLB-specific Sections and Entries for NLB specific configuration options in the sysprep.inf answer file.

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A bridge is a device that passes data packets between multiple network segments that use the same communications protocol. A bridge passes one signal at a time. If a packet is destined for a computer within the sender’s own network segment, the bridge retains the packet within that segment. If the packet is destined for another segment, it passes the packet to that segment.

MAC Addresses

As traffic passes through the bridge, information about the sending computers’ MAC addresses is stored in the bridge’s memory. The bridge uses this information to build a table based on these addresses. As more data is sent, the bridge develops a bridging table that identifies each computer and its location on network segments. When the bridge receives a packet, the source address is compared to the source address listed in the table. If the source address is not present in the table, it is added to the table. The bridge then compares the destination address with the destination address listed in the table. If a bridge recognizes the location of the destination address, it forwards the packet to this address. If it does not recognize the destination address, it forwards the packet to all segments.

Use a bridge to:

Expand the length of a segment.

Provide for an increased number of computers on the network.

Reduce traffic bottlenecks resulting from an excessive number of attached computers.

Split an overloaded network into two separate networks, thereby reducing the amount of traffic on each segment and making each network more efficient.

Link dissimilar physical cables, such as twisted-pair and coaxial Ethernet cables.