Introduction to Domain and Forest Trusts

By using Windows Server 2003 domain and forest trusts, service administrators can create or extend collaborative relationships between two or more domains or forests. Windows Server 2003 domains and forests can also trust Kerberos realms and other Windows Server 2003 forests, as well as Microsoft Windows® 2000 domains and Windows NT® 4.0 domains.

When a trust exists between two domains, the authentication mechanisms for each domain trust the authentications coming from the other domain. Trusts help to provide controlled access to shared resources in a resource domain (the trusting domain) by verifying that incoming authentication requests come from a trusted authority (the trusted domain). In this way, trusts act as bridges that allow only validated authentication requests to travel between domains.

How a specific trust passes authentication requests depends on how it is configured. Trust relationships can be one-way, providing access from the trusted domain to resources in the trusting domain, or two-way, providing access from each domain to resources in the other domain. Trusts are also either nontransitive, in which case a trust exists only between the two trust partner domains, or transitive, in which case a trust automatically extends to any other domains that either of the partners trusts.

In some cases, trust relationships are established automatically when domains are created; in other cases, administrators must choose a type of trust and explicitly establish the appropriate relationships. The specific types of trusts that are used and the structure of the resulting trust relationships in a given trust implementation depend on such factors as how Active Directory is organized and whether different versions of Windows coexist on the network.

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How can I backup my Exchange 2000/2003 server from a non-Exchange Windows 2000/2003 server?

When you install Exchange 2000/2003 on a Windows 2000/2003 server, or, alternatively, when you install the Management Tools for Exchange 2000/2003 on a non-exchange server, you actually enhance the built-in Ntbackup.exe tool from the regular tool to one that is capable to backup local and remote Exchange servers.

However, you might want to backup one or more of your Exchange servers from a non-Exchange server, one that does not have the Exchange Management Tools installed on.

To permit a Microsoft Windows 2000/2003 server-based backup server that does not have Exchange 2000 or Exchange System Manager installed to perform online Exchange 2000 backups, follow these steps:

  1. Copy Esebcli2.dll to the backup server. This file is located in the Exchsrvr\Bin folder on any Exchange 2000/2003 computer. You can copy this file directly from the Exchange 2000/2003 installation CD-ROM.

  2. Note: For Exchange 2000 please use the version found in SP3. For Exchange Server 2003 please use the version found in SP1. You can find these files in the setup\i386\exchange\bin path of the Service Pack folder (or CD).

  3. Start Registry Editor (Regedt32.exe).

  4. Locate and click the following registry key:

  1. Double-click the DLLPaths key, and then add the following value:

Value Name: Esebcli2
Data Type: REG_EXPAND_SZ
String: Drive\Path\Esebcli2.dll

  1. Make sure that on the Exchange 2000/2003 computer the account that performs the backups is given Backup Operator permissions.

Note: The original MS KB article claims that on Windows Server 2003 backup servers that does not have Exchange 2000/2003 or Exchange System Manager installed there is no need to modify the DLLPaths registry key. I have tested this configuration on a Windows Server 2003 Enterprise edition server but I still had to change the registry key. Test for yourself and let me know what you find out.

  1. After the appropriate accounts and permissions are in place, start Ntbackup.exe, and then click Remote Store on the Tools menu to connect to an Exchange 2000/2003 computer.

Note: The Microsoft Exchange Information Store service must be running on the designated Exchange 2000/2003 computer. The Microsoft Exchange Server node is not displayed on the Backup page in Ntbackup.exe until you connect to a remote store. When you connect to a single remote store, all Exchange 2000/2003 computers in the entire Active Directory forest are enumerated.

 


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